class MyClass: pass
"If it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck, it's a duck." python 3 deep dive part 4 oop high quality
| Anti-Pattern | Why It’s Bad | High-Quality Alternative | |--------------|---------------|---------------------------| | God Object | One class does everything | SRP + decomposition | | Circular imports | Two classes import each other | Move shared code to a third module | | Overusing inheritance | “Is-a” forced where “has-a” fits | Composition | | Mutable defaults | def __init__(self, items=[]) | def __init__(self, items=None) | | Using __slots__ prematurely | Optimizes nothing, restricts future | Only after profiling memory | class MyClass: pass "If it walks like a
Python supports multiple inheritance, which creates structural complexity like the classic "Diamond Problem" (where class D inherits from B and C , which both inherit from A ). items=[]) | def __init__(self
Encapsulation bundles data and methods, and controls access to internal state.