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Repetitive behaviors like tail-chasing, flank-sucking, or excessive licking can stem from dermatological allergies or neurological disorders. Over time, these can transform into compulsive psychological habits.

High stress levels trigger the release of cortisol, which suppresses the immune system and delays wound healing. Minimizing fear during veterinary visits directly improves clinical outcomes. free zoophilia forum link

Subtle changes in a horse’s facial expression (known as the Grimace Scale), such as tightened nostrils or stiffly backwards-pointing ears, are highly accurate indicators of acute pain or colic. Neurological and Cognitive Decline Repetitive behaviors like tail-chasing